Hernia is a condition in which internal organs in the abdomen gets displaced & protrude outwards. It gives rise to swelling in the particular region. As per Ayurveda it is correlated with "Antra Vriddhi". In hernia fatty tissue or organ squeezes out through weak spot in a surrounding muscle or connective tissue which is known as hernia.

• Heavy weight lifting
• Incorrect posture
• Obesity
• Constipation
• Ascites
• Poor nutrition
• Smoking
• Overexertion
• Coughing

• Swelling or bulge in the groin or scrotum (the pouch that contains the testicles).
• Increased pain at the site of the bulge.
• Pain while lifting.
• Increase in the bulge size over time.
• A dull aching sensation.
• A sense of feeling full or signs of bowel obstruction.

1. Inguinal hernia.
2. Femoral hernia.
3. Umbilical hernia.
4. Incisional hernia.
5. Hiatal hernia.
6. Epigastric hernia

1.What is Inguinal hernia?

Inguinal hernia signs and symptoms include:

A bulge in the area on either side of your pubic bone, which becomes more obvious when you are upright, especially if you cough or strain. A burning or aching sensation at the bulge. Pain or discomfort in groin, especially when bending over, coughing or lifting.

What causes inguinal hernia?

In many people, the abdominal wall weakness that leads to an inguinal hernia occurs at birth when the abdominal lining (peritoneum) does not close properly. Other inguinal hernias develop later in life when muscles weaken or deteriorate due to aging, strenuous physical activity or coughing that accompanies smoking.

2.What is a Femoral hernia?

Femoral hernia usually occurs when fatty tissue or a part of your bowel pokes through into your groin at the top of your inner thigh. It pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle wall (abdominal wall) into an area called the femoral canal.

What causes a femoral hernia?

The exact cause may be unknown. Sometimes, people may be born with a structurally weak muscle wall in the area.

Femoral hernias can also result from straining or excess pressure in the area due to:

• Passing urine
• Passing stool
• Being obese
• Lifting or pushing heavy objects
• Having a persistent,
• Strong cough
• Giving birth
• Having ascites
• An abnormal buildup of abdominal fluid
• Receiving dialysis,
• Treatment for kidney disease.

3.What is umblical hernia?

An umbilical hernia creates a soft swelling or bulge near the navel. It occurs when part of the intestine protrudes through the umbilical opening in the abdominal muscles. Umbilical hernias in children are usually painless.

What causes umbilical hernia?

An umbilical hernia can develop when fatty tissue or a part of the bowel pokes through into an area near the navel. In adults, factors that can contribute to developing an umbilical hernia include, being overweight or obese. straining while moving or lifting heavy objects.

4.What is an Incisional hernia ?

An incisional hernia happens when a weakness in the muscle of the abdomen allows the tissues of the abdomen to protrude through the muscle. The hernia appears as a bulge under the skin and can be painful or tender to the touch. The weakness in the muscle is caused by the incision made in a prior abdominal surgery.

5.What is hiatal hernia?

A hiatal hernia occurs when the upper part of your stomach bulges through the large muscle separating your abdomen and chest (diaphragm).

The diaphragm has a small opening (hiatus) through which your food tube (esophagus) passes before connecting to your stomach.

What causes hiatal hernia?
Hiatal Hernia Causes
Being born with a larger hiatal opening than usual. Injury to the area. Changes in your diaphragm as you age. A rise in pressure in your belly, as from pregnancy, obesity, coughing, lifting something heavy, or straining on the toilet.

How does a hiatal hernia feel like?

Hiatal hernia attacks can differ based on the hernia location in the upper digestive system. See your doctor if you experience these symptoms often. Some people with a hiatal hernia can have heartburn, indigestion, and a burning sensation in the upper abdomen and chest.

A hiatal hernia also called as hiatus or diaphragmatic hernia it is a portion of the stomach penetrates (herniates) through a weakness or tear in the hiatus of the diaphragm, the small opening that allows the esophagus to pass from the neck and chest to its connection with the stomach.

6.What is Epigastric hernia?

An Epigastric hernia is a type of hernia in the epigastric region of the abdominal wall. It Is above the belly button and just below the sternum of your rib cage. This type of hernia is a somewhat common condition in both adults and children. About 2 to 3 percent of all abdominal hernias are epigastric hernias.

What caused an epigastric hernia?

An Epigastric hernia is usually present from birth. It forms as the result of a weakness in the abdominal wall muscles or incomplete closure of abdominal tissue during development. Some factors that may cause or exacerbate epigastric hernias include obesity.

When a section of the intestine has become trapped, feeling bloated or full and being constipated can indicate a hernia caused by a bowel blockage. These symptoms usually develop rapidly and are accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen.

• Feel for a lump or swelling around the pubic bone.
• If you find a lump, make note of where it is and lie down.
• Did the lump disappear or become smaller? If so, it may be a hernia.
• Do you feel discomfort when coughing or lifting heavy objects?
   It is almost certainly a hernia.

• Citrus foods, such as oranges, grapefruits, and lemons, and orange juice, grapefruit juice, cranberry juice, and lemonade.
• Chocolate.
• Fatty and fried foods, such as fried chicken and fatty cuts of meat.
• Garlic and onions.
• Spicy food.
• Peppermint and spearmint.

Non-citrus fruits, such as apples, pears, melons, and berries.

Vegetables, such as carrots, asparagus, green beans, leafy greens, and peas.

Whole grains such as hand polished kodo millet,hand polished foxtail millet,hand polished proso millet,hand polished little millet,hand polished barnyard millet and germinated finger millet.

Nuts such as almond,walnut,saraparuppu and seeds, like flax seeds.
lean protein.

Yogurt and plant based milks, like almond milk.

This includes eating plan based fibre, replacing trans fats with plant-based fats and eating small meals

Foods to be avoided

• Refined food
• Blended oil,
• Refined oil,
• Vaaivu unavugal

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• Preserved food
• Food colourings
• Food additives
• Fast foods
• Junk foods
• Ice and cold food
• Processed food
• Yellow mee
• Kuew Teoh
• Ramen
• Oily food
• Deep fried food
• Wheat flour such as bread, biscuits, Poori,capati,roti canai, muffins and kuih muih malaysia

Siddha vaithiar will prescribe (tailam poduthal)
Oil application (Othtadam)
Hot herbal fomentation for the treatment of hernia.

Not only that a

• Combination of herbal medicines
• Dietary modifications
• Life style changes will be emphasis in maintenance of optimal gut health.
• Stress reduction is recommended for the treatment of hernia.

1. Pungam
2. Senna
3. Kazarcikai
4. Perungayam
5. Kudasapalai

Theeae herbs used in siddha medicine preparation. It helps to relieve the symptoms of hernia.

Apart from herbs, specific treatment procedures like purgation, (Vayitraalai)
(Ennai kuliyal) Oleation and (Kudal suthi) medicated enema method are also beneficial in the treatment of hernia.

Although immediate hospitalisation may not always be required, surgical intervention is essential for the complete cure of hernia.

One should follow a proper diet in order to reduce chronic inflammation.